The Types of Oatmeal

Closeup of the different textures of oats

Groats.ย  Itโ€™s a funny word.ย  Could be a grumpy goat or a healthy whole grain.ย  Since this post is part of October Unprocessed and Iโ€™m a nutrition nerd, odds are itโ€™s the latter.ย  (Actually, Iโ€™m also an animal-loving nerd, so really, itโ€™s a crap shoot.)

Iโ€™m sure you’ve heard that you should eat less processed foods. Heck, as a dietitian, I’ve been doling out that advice for ten years. But, it’s kind of a confusing concept. At the most basic level, any change intentionally made to a food before it winds up on our taste buds counts as processing. It can range from dehydrating fruits to hydrogenating fats and the different types of processing can be straightforward or complex. Unless you’re living sustainably and exclusively from your own grain field, vegetable garden, and fruit trees, the truth is that youโ€™re probably consuming processed foods. Join the club.

What does processing really look like? Let’s take oats as a case in point. If youโ€™re a visual learner, please consider the photo at the top of this post. See if you can tell the difference between the many piles of oaty goodness.ย  (Iโ€™ll explain more about the piles in a minuteโ€ฆ)

One of the most memorable quotes from the movie Super Size Me is this: “It is a matter of common knowledge that any processing that foods undergo serves to make them more harmful than unprocessed foods.” As a general rule, the more we mess with it, the worse it is for us.ย  So why do we do it?ย  Reasons for processing can be to improve taste, shorten preparation time, or increase shelf life, so it’s not all done with bad intentions.

Oats are a perfect example of a food available in the marketplace thatโ€™s gone through varying levels of mechanical processing. They’re also a picture-perfect example of a healthy food, as their heartiness seems to be especially satiating in our bellies and their fiber seems to lower cholesterol in our blood. (In a country where the two-thirds of us are overweight and the leading cause of death is heart disease, thatโ€™s no small feat.)

One of the most common reasons oats and other foods are processed in the first place is to reduce cooking time.ย  Oat groats take 60 minutes to cook while instant oatmeal is ready in 60 seconds.ย  Nutritionally speaking, all the options pictured are considered whole grains, but the closer you get to the groat end of the spectrum, the better (good advice for all areas of life, I think).ย  If youโ€™re not ready to dedicate an hour to your breakfast cereal, aim for the other oat options that are minimally processed. We use the brown rice setting on our rice cooker to make groats in the evening (while we watch Mythbusters or Wipeout or something else educational), and we’ve a got healthy breakfast for the whole week that can be reheated in the same time it takes to make the instant stuff. Check out my recipes for Cherry Maple Granola or Coconut Mango Barley Breakfast (just substitute cooked oat groats for the barley in this one) if you want to get a little grainy this month.

Here are the types of oats shown in the picture above:

Oat groats:ย as whole grainy as you can get where oats are concerned. Unadulterated. Only the inedible hull has been removed. Cooks in 50-60 minutes.

Steel cut oats:ย also called Irish oats or pinhead oats, these are just groats that have been cut into smaller pieces to speed cooking. Cook in 10-20 minutes.

Scottish oatmeal: another version of groats that have been broken into bits, only these are stone ground instead of being cut. Cooks in 10 minutes.

Oat bran:ย a high-fiber part of the oat thatโ€™s been removed and can be eaten separately. Oat bran can be prepared as its own hot cereal or simply sprinkled on your favorite bowl of breakfast to boost the nutrient content of every bite. Cooks in 2 minutes.

Old fashioned oats:ย groats that are steamed and then pressed flat. Increasing the surface area this way and partially cooking them helps you get breakfast to your mouth faster. Cooks in 5 minutes.

Quick oats:ย like old-fashioned oats, except rolled thinner and steamed longer. Cook in 1 minute.

Instant oatmeal:ย like quick oats, except rolled even thinner and steamed even longer. Cooks in 1 minute.ย  (This is the only product on this list that has been processed in an additional way – itโ€™s had stuff added to it before packaging.ย  In the case of the โ€œoriginalโ€ or plain flavor, pictured here, salt, color, vitamins and minerals have been mixed with the oat flakes. The popular flavored packets have all that, plus added sugar, which bumps up the calories.)

Oat flour:ย pulverized groats that can be used in baking, etc. This is still considered a whole grain because nothing was removed before the oats were ground into flour.

Remember, itโ€™s all relative.ย  It doesnโ€™t have to be all whole grains all the time.ย  If youโ€™re currently eating quick oats, go one step to the left on the spectrum for October Unprocessed.ย  Chances are youโ€™ll be amazed and delighted by the change in texture and youโ€™ll have yourself a new favorite breakfast.ย  And if you go all the way to the groats, youโ€™ll have a new favorite word.

About the Author

Kristine Duncan, MS, RD, CDE is a vegetarian dietitian, freelance writer, community college instructor, dog lady, cat lady, and nutrition blogger at VegGirlRD. She lives in Washington State but dreams of moving to Italy someday and getting paid to eat pasta and cheese for a living. Until then you can find her on Twitter and Facebook.

A photo of Andrew Wilder leaning into the frame and smiling, hovering over mixing bowls in the kitchen.

Welcome to Eating Rules!

Hi! My name is Andrew Wilder, and I think healthy eating doesnโ€™t have to suck. With just three simple eating rules, we'll kickstart your journey into the delicious and vibrant world of unprocessed food.

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SuzyVegan
October 20, 2020 7:25 am

Tried groats for the first time this morning – love, love, love!!! Itโ€™s nice to have a crunchy oat cereal – havenโ€™t had crunchy cereal in decades. Cooked a batch in Instant Pot yday, reheated a bowlful this morning, added flax and chia seeds, sea salt and raw spinach – yummm!!!

Last edited 3 years ago by SuzyVegan
Lena
May 31, 2018 11:53 am

Thank you so much for sharing with us the great information

Branden
May 11, 2018 7:24 am

So If I was to take a piece of broccoli and chew it to a pulp would it be less healthy than swallowing the whole thing whole? I guess I don’t understand how cutting something in half or into bits can lower the nutritional value?

Lauren
Reply to  Kristine
January 6, 2021 10:29 am

Hi Kristine. Thanks so much for you article. I’m curious what the difference is (or how it affects the chemical breakdown) between a facility steaming and pressing oats into vs. someone boiling old fashioned oats at home. I’m a Health Coach so I’m always trying to deepen my understanding of nutrition. Thanks!

Gary
April 23, 2015 11:52 am

Where do “Quaker Steel Cut Oats – Quick 3-minute” fall on the chart. It’s confusing since they are “Steel Cut Oats” however they cook in 3 minutes – instead of the 10-20 minutes you show for steel cut oats in your article. Are the Quaker Steel Cut Oats a good choice?

Thank you,
Gary

Reply to  Kristine
May 11, 2015 9:27 am

Which type of oatmeal is best in a baking recipe: quick or old fashioned oatmeal ? Some of my cookbooks are from the 30’s, 40’s, 60’s, & newer so just wanted to dbl check on your thoughts.

Melanie
February 14, 2015 9:58 am

Are steel cut oats suppose to have a different texture than old fashion oats after cooking? Trying to determine if I didn’t cook them longer or not.

Sona
August 12, 2014 12:25 am

Hi there…came across this post by a search on google for some oatsy images. And this was the best to show the different types. Hope you dont mind me sharing this picture of yours on my fb page.

Admin
Reply to  Sona
August 12, 2014 8:15 am

Hi Sona – Happy for you to share, but please link to the post instead of sharing just the picture. ๐Ÿ™‚ Thanks!

Ram
June 3, 2013 6:01 pm

Cook grains using Pressure cooker. It takes maximum of 5 minutes only. That is the way I cook my Pearl Barley for my breakfast. No need to soak barley overnight if you use pressure cooker for cooking.